Survivors, veterans recall Buchenwald horror 70 years on

[superbeets]

Survivors have returned to the Buchenwald concentration camp 70 years after it was liberated by US soldiers.
American forces entered the camp on 11 April 1945, bringing an end to the ordeal of 21,000 prisoners being held there by Nazi troops.



[h=1]Survivors, veterans recall Buchenwald horror 70 years on[/h]By ASSOCIATED PRESS
PUBLISHED: 15:37, 11 April 2015 | UPDATED: 15:40, 11 April 2015
WEIMAR, Germany (AP) — Buchenwald survivor Henry Oster recalls thinking that a fellow inmate had "lost his sense of reality" when he said 70 years ago Saturday that the concentration camp was being liberated, bringing an end to the long ordeal of the 21,000 surviving prisoners.
Oster, 86, visited the site near the German city of Weimar for the first time since its liberation on April 11, 1945 — one of a group of survivors and veterans who came to mark the anniversary of the liberation. Buchenwald was the first major concentration camp entered by American forces at the end of World War II.
"What I see here, where the barracks used to be, at every barrack there was a pile of dead bodies, this is in your memory forever," Oster said. "When someone asks how Buchenwald was, you immediately see the dead bodies again."

+19

Buchenwald survivor Henry Oster, center right, and veteran United States medic James E. Anderson, center, who was with the US liberation troops, lay down flowers with other veterans prior to a minute of silence at 15:15 in the afternoon to mark the 70th anniversary of the liberation of the former Nazi concentration camp Buchenwald near in Weimar, Germany Saturday, April 11, 2015. (AP Photo/Markus Schreiber)



.

 

[superbeets]

Around 250,000 prisoners in total were held at Buchenwald from its opening in July 1937 to its liberation. An estimated 56,000 people were killed, including political prisoners, people dubbed "asocial" by the Nazis, Soviet prisoners of war, Sinti and Roma, and approximately 11,000 Jews.
Oster, a Jewish German born in Cologne, was taken to the Lodz ghetto in occupied Poland in 1941 and later to the Auschwitz-Birkenau death camp. His father died of starvation and his mother was gassed on the day they arrived at Auschwitz, he said.
In January 1945, Oster was sent on a "death march" to Buchenwald as the Nazis forced inmates westward in the face of advancing Soviet forces.
Entering the former camp through the wrought-iron gate that bears the words "Jedem das Seine" — "To each his own" — with its clock stopped at 3.15, the time of the liberation, Oster recalled that moment.
"We had no idea the Allies were in Europe, and when we heard noises at about a quarter past three, we looked out of the window — which took a great effort — and one of my friends said with a weak voice 'I think we are getting liberated,'" Oster said. "And we thought he had lost his sense of reality like so many people there."
Oster was taken to an orphanage in France and emigrated to the United States in 1946. He now lives in Woodland Hills, California.
A minute of silence was held Saturday afternoon at the tree-ringed hilltop site's former assembly ground, bringing together former inmates and liberators — on whom Buchenwald also left an indelible impression.
James Anderson, a 91-year-old from Indianapolis, went in as an army medic on that day and recalled that many prisoners were so weak they could no longer move.
"The devastation was so tremendous," Anderson said, his voice trembling. "I was a ... kid, and to see this it was hard for me to believe this was actually happening, you know, and the prisoners were so glad to see us, they would hug us and everything."
Robert Harmon, then a private serving in Gen. George S. Patton's Third Army, was deployed in Weimar and first saw Buchenwald survivors a few days after the camp's liberation.
"They had these thin pyjama clothes, they had terrible food, you can imagine, and of course the men had not shaven forever, and they just looked awful," said Harmon, from Seattle, who turns 90 on Sunday.
"They were stunned psychologically, they were so afraid of authority that they were very careful about speaking to us, but they were so hungry that they dared, and that was such an act of courage, I think, for them to speak to us," he said.
Patton was so disgusted by Buchenwald that he ordered residents of nearby Weimar to march the few miles up the hill to see what had been going on so close nearby.
"The younger generation should get to see this," Anderson said. "It was unbelievable."


.

 

[superbeets]

Geir Moulson contributed to this report from Berlin.

+19

In this Friday, April 10, 2015 photo Henry Oster poses at the gate of the former Nazi concentration camp Buchenwald with the inscription 'Jedem das Seine' (To each his own) on the eve of the 70th anniversary of the liberation of the camp in Weimar, eastern Germany. Henry Oster was seventeen years old when he was liberated by the United States Army in Buchenwald on April 11, 1945. (AP Photo/Markus Schreiber)

+19

Visitors walk through the former concentration camp Buchenwald on the 70th anniversary of the liberation of the former Nazi concentration camp Buchenwald near Weimar, Germany Saturday, April 11, 2015. On April 11, 1945 the Buchenwald concentration camp was liberated by the United States Army. (AP Photo/Markus Schreiber)

+19

Flowers sit in front of an oven inside the crematory of the former Nazi concentration camp Buchenwald at the eve of the 70th anniversary of the liberation of the former Nazi concentration camp near Weimar, eastern Germany, Friday, April 10, 2015. (AP Photo/Markus Schreiber)

+19

Stones sit on the memorial site for the Jewish victims of the Nazi concentration camp Buchenwald at the eve of the 70th anniversary of the liberation of the former Nazi concentration camp near Weimar, eastern Germany, Friday, April 10, 2015. (AP Photo/Markus Schreiber)

+19

Visitors walks through the gate of the Nazi concentration camp Buchenwald with the inscription 'Jedem das Seine' (To each his own) at the eve of the 70th anniversary of the liberation of the former Nazi concentration camp near Weimar, Friday, April 10, 2015. (AP Photo/Markus Schreiber)



.

 

[superbeets]

+19

The sun sets behind the barbed wire fence of the former Nazi concentration camp Buchenwald on the eve of the 70th anniversary of the liberation of the concentration camp Buchenwald near Weimar, Friday, April 10, 2015. (AP Photo/Markus Schreiber)

+19

The sun sets behind the figural group by Fritz Cremer at the memorial for the victims of the former Nazi concentration camp Buchenwald on the eve of the 70th anniversary of the liberation of concentration camp Buchenwald near in Weimar, Friday, April 10, 2015. The sculpture is dedicated to the resistance struggle carried out within the camp. (AP Photo/Markus Schreiber)

+19

A ladder stands in the corner inside a room of the Nazi concentration camp Buchenwald with hooks on the wall, used by the SS to strangle about 1100 people, on the eve of the 70th anniversary of the liberation of the former Nazi concentration camp near Weimar, eastern Germany, Friday, April 10, 2015. (AP Photo/Markus Schreiber)

+19

Visitors stand in front of the gate of the Nazi concentration camp Buchenwald with the inscription 'Jedem das Seine' (To each his own) at the eve of the 70th anniversary of the liberation of the former Nazi concentration camp near Weimar, eastern Germany, Friday, April 10, 2015. (AP Photo/Markus Schreiber)

+19

A family lay down flowers at a memorial plaque inside the former concentration camp Buchenwald on the 70th anniversary of the liberation of the former Nazi concentration camp Buchenwald near Weimar, Germany, Saturday, April 11, 2015. On April 11, 1945 the Buchenwald concentration camp was liberated by the United States Army. (AP Photo/Markus Schreiber)

+19

In this Friday, April 10, 2015 photo Henry Oster poses for a photograph after an interview with the Associated Press at the former Nazi concentration camp Buchenwald on the eve of the 70th anniversary of the liberation of the camp in Weimar, eastern Germany. Henry Oster was seventeen years old when he was liberated by the United States Army in Buchenwald on April 11, 1945. (AP Photo/Markus Schreiber)



.

 

[superbeets]

+19

In this Friday, April 10, 2015 photo Henry Oster, right, survivor of the former Nazi concentration camp Buchenwald reacts as he visits the memorial of the camp's Jewish victims on the eve of the 70th anniversary of the liberation of the camp in Weimar, eastern Germany. Henry Oster was seventeen years old when he was liberated by the United States Army in Buchenwald on April 11, 1945. (AP Photo/Markus Schreiber)

+19

In this Friday, April 10, 2015 photo Henry Oster looks over the main square of the Nazi concentration camp Buchenwald on the eve of the 70th anniversary of the liberation of the camp in Weimar, eastern Germany. Henry Oster was seventeen years old when he was liberated by the United States Army in Buchenwald on April 11, 1945. (AP Photo/Markus Schreiber)

+19

In this Friday, April 10, 2015 photo Henry Oster, center, survivor of the former Nazi concentration camp Buchenwald walks with his wife Susie, left, and his son David, right, inside the former concentration on the eve of the 70th anniversary of the liberation of the camp in Weimar, eastern Germany. Henry Oster was seventeen years old when he was liberated by the United States Army in Buchenwald on April 11, 1945. (AP Photo/Markus Schreiber)

+19

In this April 10, 2015 photo United States former Private First Class Charles Robert 'Bob' Harmon talks to the Associated Press in an interview about his experience at the fighting to capture Weimar and the liberation of the Nazi concentration camp Buchenwald on the eve of the 70th anniversary of the liberation in Weimar, eastern Germany. (AP Photo/Markus Schreiber)

+19

In this Friday, April 10, 2015 photo United states army medic James E. Anderson talks to the Associated Press during an interview about his experience at the liberation of the Nazi concentration camp Buchenwald on the eve of the 70th anniversary of the liberation in Weimar, eastern Germany. (AP Photo/Markus Schreiber)


.

 

[superbeets]

+19

In this Friday, April 10, 2015 photo United states army medic James E. Anderson talks to the Associated Press during an interview about his experience at the liberation of the Nazi concentration camp Buchenwald on the eve of the 70th anniversary of the liberation in Weimar, eastern Germany. (AP Photo/Markus Schreiber)

+19

In this April 10, 2015 photo United States former Private First Class Charles Robert 'Bob' Harmon talks to the Associated Press in an interview about his experience at the fighting to capture Weimar and the liberation of the Nazi concentration camp Buchenwald on the eve of the 70th anniversary of the liberation in Weimar, eastern Germany. (AP Photo/Markus Schreiber)


.