Have you seen the move "America" - well worth the watch

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I felt like I was in a college classrom in some regards. The movie is a very logical progression and deals with much more than I expected. Funny, there are a few cuts that include a real live Alinsky. If nothing else seeing him and watching him speak is unreal. And for those who have ever doubted connecting dots between Hillary and Alinsky the movie is an eye opener. I don't want to ruin the movie for those who have not seen it but Alinsky and Hillary go way back, way before she wrote her thesis on him. Would't be surprised if he and his staff helped write it in fact lol. Check it out, much better than 2016.
 

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So many of the moronic left wing memes we debate here ad nauseam are completely destroyed in that movie.

Notice how most of them come from the same place: the fictitious world of academia
 

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So many of the moronic left wing memes we debate here ad nauseam are completely destroyed in that movie.

Notice how most of them come from the same place: the fictitious world of academia

Exactly. The perspective used in the movie is very thorough and it does separate fact from fiction. He is not even under oath and he tells the whole truth and nothing but the truth. But as you say the moronic left wing chooses fiction over fact and the truth is based on facts.
 

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Lol, Russ and Canadian Loon Joe liked it. Must be worth the watch. Probably a lot of facts in it. Going out to get popcorn right now to enjoy it tonight!
 

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Lol, Russ and Canadian Loon Joe liked it. Must be worth the watch. Probably a lot of facts in it. Going out to get popcorn right now to enjoy it tonight!

Here's a review of this dreck by a guy who actually agrees with DeSouza about Obama, but pans the movie for the absolute pandering to the sheep(see above you). Desouza will be in jail soon. Hopefully he'll have a happy stay.

[h=1]Dinesh D'Souza's 'America' Will Have Some Conservatives Yearning For Michael Moore's[/h] Comment Now
Back in 2010, and amid some of the worst economic times of Barack Obama’s failed presidency, I lunched with an entrepreneur whose signage business was booming both domestically and globally. I asked this person how he thrived despite all the political barriers to growth, and he said “I’m way too smart for Obama, and I’ll always work around him.”
The entrepreneur’s confident response came to mind as I watched Dinesh D’Souza’s latest documentary, America: Imagine the World Without Her. D’Souza properly loves the U.S., as does this writer, but his documentaries (the other was 2016: Obama’s America, released to much fanfare in 2012) pander to the desire among some in the conservative movement to play hapless victim to the all-powerful Barack.
To believe D’Souza and others who are helping define this ascendant strain of victim conservatism, a man they deem aloof, unfocused and not terribly competent has somehow managed in six short years to transform a nation once defined by staggering individual initiative and entrepreneurial abundance into a land of indolent takers. Victimhood has a new red-state address, and Obama must be flattered to know that for being Barack, he’s sapped the vitality of the most productive people on earth. All of this would be scary if D’Souza’s documentary were at all grounded in reality.

Importantly, none of what’s being written here is meant to defend Obama’s presidency. He’s truly unequal to the office he holds, and any reasonable retrospective on his presidency will read very negatively. Slow economic growth for lengthy periods is no accident, and Obama deserves a lot of the blame. Indeed, putting aside tax increases, naïve attempts to re-regulate finance, his mimic of his predecessor’s weak dollar policies, not to mention his failed stab at creating a healthcare market out of thin air, Obama’s economy has been troubled precisely because this most self-assured of men laughably presumed that he could fix it upon arrival at the White House. Economic growth is easy, and if Obama had just played golf for six years the economy would presently be booming. People tend to prosper when left alone.
Back to the documentary, if at all like me, viewers will at first wonder if they’re in the right theater at the multiplex. Expecting a documentary, the viewer is first subjected to a nails-on-the-chalkboard trip back in time to actors playing Revolutionary War soldiers. George Washington is the featured character, and in the sketch Washington is shot and killed; D’Souza’s point being that we’d logically not be the U.S. today if the war had felled Washington. This is scary stuff for sure, but these movie bits within the documentary come off as downright strange. At one point D’Souza himself joins the fun as a fast food cashier in a way that will redden the face of the squirming viewer. Comedy is hard, even for people who are probably funny in person. To thine own self be true, or something like that.
But thinking about the great George Washington, it could be argued even there that D’Souza misfired for reasons beyond his vandalism of the film medium. While much wiser minds can debate the good or bad of Obama’s less muscular approach to foreign policy, we can’t ignore Washington’s blunt assertion that “It is our foreign policy to steer clear of permanent alliances with any portion of the foreign world.” The latter looms large simply because in 2016, D’Souza predicted a United States of Islam in a second Obama term. Time will tell on the prediction, but at the very least it should be said that whatever he might think of Obama’s foreign policies were he around today, Washington would at the very least be equally horrified at the size and global scope of the U.S. military; its reach something that D’Souza fairly explicitly endorses.
D’Souza’s other two predictions in 2016, both repeated in America to presumably reveal his prescience, were that the federal government would grow bigger and that the national debt would set records assuming Obama’s re-election. Regarding the first prediction, that’s the equivalent of predicting that the Harlem Globetrotters will beat the Washington Generals. The Globetrotters always win, and politicians always spend. This is true no matter the Party in control of Congress and the federal purse. Government always grows. Period.
As for the national debt, back when Ronald Reagan was president, his supporters quite properly pointed out that as Congress allocates federal funds (Presidents lost the power to even “impound” congressional appropriations in 1974), to blame Reagan for increased spending and deficits was to ignore the Constitution itself. A Congress controlled throughout Reagan’s presidency by Democrats regularly tagged many aspects of his budget recommendations DOA.
So with Reagan’s inability to control the wasteful ways of Democrats in mind, it’s the Republican Party that has enjoyed power over the federal purse since 2011, after the electorate heavily disciplined Obama and the Democrats in the 2010 elections. In that case, wouldn’t a fair and balanced D’Souza at least have pointed out the Party controlling spending since 2016 came out? Not very likely, but if the Democrats could dismiss Reagan’s relative parsimony in the ‘80s, couldn’t Republicans decry Obama’s carelessness with the money of others on the way to greatly reduced spending? America doesn’t say.
Giving D’Souza the benefit of the doubt, it’s no insight to say he made America with the conservative converted wholly in mind. Fair enough, but the argument against Obama is a winner no matter what, so why be so misleading?
Indeed, early in the documentary there’s a replay of Obama’s obnoxious “You didn’t build that” slur. Without excusing the President’s adolescent observation for even a second, to watch America is to believe that “You didn’t build that” describes what the U.S. has become under our redistributionist president. But that would be untrue. As evidenced by the fact that Obama never uttered those words again, not to mention that his handlers worked feverishly to walk back a statement that threatened his campaign, it’s very apparent that the electorate very much believes you certainly did build that.
And while President Obama very mistakenly signed a tax rate increase on income and capital gains into law at the end of 2012 (the last real legislation of his presidency, and markets obviously love that it was), what can’t be forgotten is that the man behind “You didn’t build that” extended the 2003 Bush tax cuts through 2012. While D’Souza’s film would have the blindly partisan thinking the U.S. has gone the way of France, Obama’s actions speak to someone well aware that the electorate would never countenance a return to the nosebleed rates of taxation that prevailed until Reagan happily entered the White House.
D’Souza goes on to narrate that “You didn’t build that” is what created President Obama. No, it did not. What created Obama was a Republican Party that went sickeningly off track in the 2000s. The Republicans lost big in 2008 because the former Party of Growth and entrepreneurial capitalism in the ‘80s had by the 2000s morphed into something quite different. Lest we forget, it was President Bush who signed the business-suffocating Sarbanes-Oxley law (at the time he bragged it was the toughest anti-business “crime” law since the days of FDR), a McCain-Feingold bill that restricted free speech, and with a Republican Congress largely in control of the purse, it was Bush who never vetoed obnoxiously large budgets, not to mention his signing of a rather expensive prescription drug benefit.
It was also Bush who foisted on us a brutally cruel economic “blessing” in the form of Ben Bernanke, imposed tariffs on steel, shrimp and softwood lumber all the while bashing China, promoted with great gusto an economy-crushing devaluation of the dollar that authored an economy-strangling rush into the consumption of housing, and then when the markets revealed the horrors of Bush’s policies with bank failures, rather than allow the capitalist system to fix his myriad errors, Bush, working with Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson and Bernanke, decided to blame the markets for not working right such that they bailed out banks that the free markets had decided were not worth saving. In committing their egregious bailout errors Bush, Bernanke and Paulson engineered a wholly unnecessary “financial crisis” that had nothing to do with capitalism, and everything to do with them running away from it. And in blocking the infinite and very curative wonders of the marketplace, they robbed our economy of a substantial recovery.
We don’t suffer a presidency today that is admittedly an affront to good governance because Obama profoundly altered the electorate, rather we have a lousy president because the Republicans proved in the 2000s that they could easily match the Democrats when it came to inept policymaking. Until the Republicans realize this and acknowledge just how poorly their own party governed while in control, they won’t be credible. Sadly, D’Souza’s documentary is completely silent about GOP errors that gifted us with Obama in the first place.

D’Souza’s America is noble in its effort to discredit myths about the U.S. as a genocidal, thieving, racist, capitalistically rapacious nation, but really, who believes this? It’s popular in the victimized portion of the conservative movement to assert that those who love the U.S., freedom, and the prosperity it delivers do so in silence out of fear that the majority haters will persecute them for having those views, but let’s be serious. This extreme kind of thinking is all too rare as we all well know. If it weren’t, would a U.S.-despising electorate have voted in Reagan twice by landslide, given Reagan a third term with Bush ’41, a fourth term (liberal historian Richard Reeves has said that Bill Clinton’s presidency was a continuation of Reagan’s) with Clinton, along with two terms for George W. Bush? Knowing the voting patterns of the electorate, is it remotely credible to suggest that Obama has once again transformed how we think in six years?

Unfortunately, this is what D’Souza would have us believe. But in trying to make us think what is observably false, he paints a picture of the U.S. that would be foreign to just about any one of us, including Americans who live in New York, Los Angeles, Washington, D.C., and Boston. Quick, how many of you readers have heard of Howard Zinn? If you’ve heard of him, how many of you have read the late historian’s “A People’s History of the United States”? D’Souza’s America would have us believe that Zinn’s (according to D’Souza he’s the most read historian of the last 50 years) fabulist telling of our allegedly sordid history is accepted as fact in Obama’s America. Really? In truth, Americans probably know Zinn’s negative history about as well as they know Paul Johnson’s more positive account of this great country; as in not very well.

Presumably trying to show viewers just how bad it’s gotten on the college campus, D’Souza interviews noted America hater Ward Churchill (professor at Colorado-Boulder) who, when asked, says it would be justifiable to drop a bomb on the U.S. for all of its alleged global misdeeds. Ok, Churchill is nuts, but is he representative of college professors in a broad sense? Assuming yes to the latter, what’s apparent is that those who attend these universities largely tune the Churchills of the world out as is. College students are not representative of their professors when it comes to ideology.
If this is doubted, we need only refer to arguably the most famous hotbed of campus liberalism, UC Berkeley. Figure blame-America style radicalism achieved full flower there in the ‘60s, but as historian Steven F. Hayward pointed out in the first of his two spectacular The Age of Reagan books, at Berkeley in the ‘60s “genuinely radical students were but a tiny minority of the total student body – 5 percent at the very most – but they enjoyed the advantage of the publicity that accrues to the most extreme position and the loudest bullhorn.” D’Souza’s purpose seems to be one of inciting fear; fear of Zinn, fear that radicalism is catching fire on campus thanks to professors like Churchill, but the reality, as voting patterns plainly reveal, is that college students either aren’t listening, or they’re listening and they’re not buying what their radical professors are selling.
D’Souza more understandably laments the desire of so many historians to erase the stories of self-made success in history books, but if so, so what. As annual sales of the Forbes 400 reveal quite plainly, Americans love success, it’s what animates them, and rich is what they generally hope to be.
It’s with his treatment of Texas that D’Souza truly goes overboard. Texas is used to allegedly expose Obama’s desire to erase the border between Mexico and the U.S. Who cares that George W. Bush similarly had an enlightened and correct view that immigration is a good thing? To D’Souza, America is not about America as much as it’s about making the Democrats look bad.
Comically he asks a Mexican American if he’ll ever move back to Mexico, to which this individual replies that he “already live in Mexico.” Get it? Texas is full of immigrant Mexicans. Subtlety isn’t America’s strong suit. D’Souza asks another interviewee why so few Mexicans return from the U.S. to Mexico. The latter question bordered on obnoxious. We all know why they don’t go back. Indeed, if we ignore the happy truth that the U.S. is the better place to be, and a major reason it’s a better place is because it’s been a magnet for immigrants (including D’Souza) from day one, the reason Mexicans don’t cross back into Mexico has to do with them being forced to risk their lives to get here in the first place. If we had a sane system whereby work was legal such that Mexicans could legally go back and forth from Mexico with the ebb and flow of work opportunities, these same individuals would regularly return to their country of origin.
Most comically, at one point D’Souza asks something along the lines of “what happens if we give Texas back to Mexico?” Where does one begin? Apparently D’Souza has little knowledge of the people who reside in Texas. Not only would President Obama never try something so totally outlandish, there’s no way the proud citizens of Texas would ever allow something like this to happen. D’Souza’s discussion of Texas and immigration was ultimately insulting for its condescending, absurd tone.
Arguably the most shameful aspect of America was D’Souza’s handling of the death by suicide of Aaron Swartz. Right or wrong, Swartz in 2011 found himself in trouble with the feds for alleged violations of the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act. Who knows why Swartz committed suicide, D’Souza surely doesn’t know, but one plausible reason has to do with his legal troubles with the feds. What’s vile here for the purposes of the documentary is that D’Souza briefly describes Swartz, touches on the problems he had with an always overbearing federal government (no mention of the Bush DOJ needlessly putting Arthur Andersen out of business in 2002), and then after telling viewers about Swartz’s suicide, the camera shifts to a picture of the White House as though Swartz’s problems were a function of an overreaching Obama administration. Yes, the aloof, liberty and America-hating Obama found the time to be bothered by an Internet personage whom 99.9% of Americans had never heard of before his death. Notable here is that the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act was passed in 1986…
Regarding his treatment of NSA spying, while the latter is similarly shameful, D’Souza conveniently leaves out that countless Republicans and conservatives have defended the Obama administration on this matter. Without defending federal spying, the sad reality is that this obnoxious bit of intrusion is supported by way too many on both sides of the ideological divide.

But most dishonest of all was D’Souza’s handling of the bank and car bailouts. To watch America is to believe that they too were Obama’s idea, that conservatives and Republicans watched in purist horror as this Saul Alinksy-ite propped up banks well in bed with his government. In truth, it was his Republican predecessor George W. Bush who, when certain banks started to crater in 2008, said:

“I’m a strong believer in free enterprise, so my natural instinct is to oppose government intervention. I believe companies that make bad decisions should be allowed to go out of business. Under normal circumstances, I would have followed this course. But these are not normal circumstances. The market is not functioning properly. There has been a widespread loss of confidence, and major sectors of America’s financial system are at risk of shutting down.”
And then it was Bush appointee Ben Bernanke who begged for the bank bailouts; gravely telling Nancy Pelosi that “I spent my career as an academic studying great depressions. I can tell you from history that if we don’t act in a big way, you can expect another great depression, and this time it is going to be far, far worse.” After that, it was Bush’s Treasury secretary Hank Paulson who fairly explicitly told healthy banks to either take TARP money, or expect a call from regulators the following day on the way to being shut down.
To take America remotely seriously is to believe Obama so skillful and persuasive that he can act as Dictator, as opposed to a constitutionally limited president who hasn’t signed any substantial legislation since 2012, and who won’t for the rest of his presidency unless it’s legislation the Republicans desire. Republican politicians should be offended, as should Democrats across the aisle. According to America, both sides lie prostrate as Obama steamrolls them.

On the other hand, viewers should be offended simply because what is promoted as a serious documentary about the problems in this country is so silly, not to mention plainly dishonest. America is presumably doing well in the red states, but to watch it one can only conclude that D’Souza is full of contempt for those to whom he hopes to sell tickets. How else could one explain a documentary that is so often condescending, and for its major omissions, explicit in its belief that its watchers are too dim and partisan to handle the actual truth? It’s hard to imagine that even D’Souza likes what he’s created.

None of this is meant to deny Obama’s obvious weaknesses as Commander-in-Chief, but it’s precisely because he’s been such a failure that he won’t be able to do much more in the way of damage. Obama’s presidency ended in 2012, and market indices as mentioned reflect just that.
More important, Obama’s presidency deserves rebuke much like Bush’s before it, but in falsely billing America as a serious documentary, a once serious D’Souza has turned what should be a sober analysis of Obama’s failed presidency into a joke. Oddly, some on the right are throwing bouquets in D’Souza’s direction for “exposing” President Obama, but in truth they should be shaming the newly-fashioned documentarian. Freedom works, policies of freedom work, and this debate could and should be won with real ideas; including some within America that were sadly drowned by the documentary’s overall absurdity.
Conservatives deserve better, and D’Souza could surely do better. Logic dictates that serious people should laugh at D’Souza’s latest offering, but the problem there is that what’s comically bad isn’t very funny. Michael Moore’s documentaries are full of holes as America is, but at least Moore is funny. Something tells me a lot of conservatives will oddly find themselves yearning for Moore if they’re unlucky enough to sit through America.
 

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Guesser, this adminstration jailed more people for speaking out than any other administration where the fuck did the first amendment go. Does and will not exist with this corrupt admin.
 

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One thing is for sure, Akrard and Gtard will never go see the movie and expose themselves to anything that would disturb their point of view. Here is a pretty good review of the movie:

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dsouza3-e1403300399422.png

[h=1]‘America’ The Movie And The End Of The Negative Narrative[/h]12:20 PM 07/18/2014
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Robert Orlando
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Someone once said that a one-sided story is simply propaganda. The same is true for the historical narrative of the United States that has been de rigeur among the academic set for the past half century. Until Dinesh D’Souza’s recent film, “America” ($8.2 million at the box office), one side — a negative one — has gone largely unchallenged since the radical movements that swept university campuses in the 1960s and 1970s. The proof of how lost the positive American story has become can be detected in the reviewers’ coverage. By and large, these cranky chroniclers dismiss the film as “right wing,” “off the wall,” or “a doc to mock,” etc.
From a technical or stylistic perspective, the critics have stated that the film has it’s cinematic moments, although one dismissed it as a glorified “power point” presentation, and another accused D’Souza of “doing Michael Moore in reverse.” Yet almost all miss the crucial point: “America” represents a positive narrative of America that has been buried, but having resurfaced under D’Souza presentation.
So yes, D’Souza, an Indian emigrant, who experiences his adopted home America as an outsider, has a difficult, Davidian task (in this analogy media is Goliath). That task? Re-introduce the American public to their long-lost country, to recreate a positive narrative for understandingAmerican history. Demonstrate to the nation that the “blame-America-first” arguments, when put into historical context, don’t hold water.
As I witnessed this adept rewinding of American history at the LA premiere of the movie, I came away with at least 5 historical points that for many Americans might expose the emperor as, if not naked, rather scantily-clad:

  1. Native Americans died not only from colonial genocide, but from disease, as did Europeans when earlier visited by Asian peoples.
  2. African Americans, while of course the undisputed victims of the atrocities of slavery, also owned a significant percentage of the southern slave plantations.
  3. The Southwest was not imperialistically invaded by the U.S., but rather as “Texicans” intentionally and enthusiastically seceded from Mexico out of a desire to become Americans.
  4. Overall wealth creation should neither be demonized nor defined by its abuses, but celebrated for the freedoms of opportunity it has provided to millions around the world.
  5. Saul Alinsky launched a revolution to bring down America in the very circles that would have influenced both Hillary Rodham Clinton and Barack Obama.
These events alone do not a narrative make and that’s where the point of view — “the slant,” if you will — defines the debate. For decades, the accepted (and inaccurate) historical slant has blamed human inequality on the American empire: the tyrannical regime that fights wars for oil, exploits foreign people, and remains a supremacist nation when it comes to race. D’Souza, with respect to these opposing views, challenges that slant with a simple yet profound question, “compared to whom?”
What other culture — past or present — can stand this level of moral scrutiny? Stalinist Russia? We all know the answer. In fact, if America was measured by its imperialism, compared historically to Persia, Rome, or even Britain, we would be doing a poor job. America does not keep the spoils of those conquered, but rather has paid a significant price to rebuild her fallen foes. Germany, Japan, Mogadishu, Iraq, or many other cases, are examples of when the public has clamored for the U.S. to “do something,” but if it is executed imperfectly, off to the woodshed.
Perhaps it could be argued that D’Souza’s “America” does not have all the counter spin needed to fully expose the views promulgated by the dominant side, but it will comfort many to witness that an individual can still break a window of the present day’s fortress of ideology. “America” does just that as it calls out the status quo, one that ironically, in the name of revolution, has become the establishment itself.



Read more: http://dailycaller.com/2014/07/18/a...-end-of-the-negative-narrative/#ixzz38llwYgNp
 

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Scott L's post is right on. History is being twisted and tainted and fact is now fiction or worse completely ignored. This movie brings up things socialists do not want to acknowledge. It is ironic that all this comes from a legal immigrant.
 

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Guesser, this adminstration jailed more people for speaking out than any other administration where the fuck did the first amendment go. Does and will not exist with this corrupt admin.
Come on. What are you talking about ?
 

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Scott L's post is right on. History is being twisted and tainted and fact is now fiction or worse completely ignored. This movie brings up things socialists do not want to acknowledge. It is ironic that all this comes from a legal immigrant.
It's not true. The historical aspects of the movie are simply untrue. The parts about Obama are just insane. He's barely accomplished anything this second term but movie acts like he is some totalitarian mastermind
 

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It's not true. The historical aspects of the movie are simply untrue. The parts about Obama are just insane. He's barely accomplished anything this second term but movie acts like he is some totalitarian mastermind

You have to be kidding. First off, have you seen the movie. If not you cannot comment. Secondly, obviously you have not checked into Obama's past and his associates. I am so proud that a legal immigrant who chose to come to America and did it legally has gotten involved in the process. Some times the best persepective is from the outside looking in. Totalitarian mastermind, that would be Obama. The historical aspects of the movie are not true. Well once you have seen the movie why don't you enlighten us with specifics. So far all you have done is shoot an arrow into the sky not even knowing where it will land. The historical aspects are contrary to what the left waves in front of the sheep but it does not stand up to a much broader and inclusive perspective. Anyone who uses a term such as "simply untrue" simply is not interested in the truth. You cannot fan a fire that does not exist. Facts speak for themselves.
 

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  1. DIXIE'S CENSORED SUBJECT
    BLACK SLAVEOWNERSBy Robert M. Grooms© 1997
    (THIS ARTICLE IS COPYRIGHTED AND IS PROVIDED HERE COURTESY OF THE BARNES REVIEW)

In an 1856 letter to his wife Mary Custis Lee, Robert E. Lee called slavery "a moral and political evil." Yet he concluded that black slaves were immeasurably better off here than in Africa, morally, socially and physically.
The fact is large numbers of free Negroes owned black slaves; in fact, in numbers disproportionate to their representation in society at large. In 1860 only a small minority of whites owned slaves. According to the U.S. census report for that last year before the Civil War, there were nearly 27 million whites in the country. Some eight million of them lived in the slaveholding states.
The census also determined that there were fewer than 385,000 individuals who owned slaves (1). Even if all slaveholders had been white, that would amount to only 1.4 percent of whites in the country (or 4.8 percent of southern whites owning one or more slaves).
In the rare instances when the ownership of slaves by free Negroes is acknowledged in the history books, justification centers on the claim that black slave masters were simply individuals who purchased the freedom of a spouse or child from a white slaveholder and had been unable to legally manumit them. Although this did indeed happen at times, it is a misrepresentation of the majority of instances, one which is debunked by records of the period on blacks who owned slaves. These include individuals such as Justus Angel and Mistress L. Horry, of Colleton District, South Carolina, who each owned 84 slaves in 1830. In fact, in 1830 a fourth of the free Negro slave masters in South Carolina owned 10 or more slaves; eight owning 30 or more (2).
According to federal census reports, on June 1, 1860 there were nearly 4.5 million Negroes in the United States, with fewer than four million of them living in the southern slaveholding states. Of the blacks residing in the South, 261,988 were not slaves. Of this number, 10,689 lived in New Orleans. The country's leading African American historian, Duke University professor John Hope Franklin, records that in New Orleans over 3,000 free Negroes owned slaves, or 28 percent of the free Negroes in that city.
To return to the census figures quoted above, this 28 percent is certainly impressive when compared to less than 1.4 percent of all American whites and less than 4.8 percent of southern whites. The statistics show that, when free, blacks disproportionately became slave masters.
The majority of slaveholders, white and black, owned only one to five slaves. More often than not, and contrary to a century and a half of bullwhips-on-tortured-backs propaganda, black and white masters worked and ate alongside their charges; be it in house, field or workshop. The few individuals who owned 50 or more slaves were confined to the top one percent, and have been defined as slave magnates.
In 1860 there were at least six Negroes in Louisiana who owned 65 or more slaves The largest number, 152 slaves, were owned by the widow C. Richards and her son P.C. Richards, who owned a large sugar cane plantation. Another Negro slave magnate in Louisiana, with over 100 slaves, was Antoine Dubuclet, a sugar planter whose estate was valued at (in 1860 dollars) $264,000 (3). That year, the mean wealth of southern white men was $3,978 (4).
In Charleston, South Carolina in 1860 125 free Negroes owned slaves; six of them owning 10 or more. Of the $1.5 million in taxable property owned by free Negroes in Charleston, more than $300,000 represented slave holdings (5). In North Carolina 69 free Negroes were slave owners (6).
In 1860 William Ellison was South Carolina's largest Negro slaveowner. In Black Masters. A Free Family of Color in the Old South, authors Michael P. Johnson and James L. Roak write a sympathetic account of Ellison's life. From Ellison's birth as a slave to his death at 71, the authors attempt to provide justification, based on their own speculation, as to why a former slave would become a magnate slave master.
At birth he was given the name April. A common practice among slaves of the period was to name a child after the day or month of his or her birth. Between 1800 and 1802 April was purchased by a white slave-owner named William Ellison. Apprenticed at 12, he was taught the trades of carpentry, blacksmithing and machining, as well as how to read, write, cipher and do basic bookkeeping.
On June 8, 1816, William Ellison appeared before a magistrate (with five local freeholders as supporting witnesses) to gain permission to free April, now 26 years of age. In 1800 the South Carolina legislature had set out in detail the procedures for manumission. To end the practice of freeing unruly slaves of "bad or depraved" character and those who "from age or infirmity" were incapacitated, the state required that an owner testify under oath to the good character of the slave he sought to free. Also required was evidence of the slave's "ability to gain a livelihood in an honest way."
Although lawmakers of the time could not envision the incredibly vast public welfare structures of a later age, these stipulations became law in order to prevent slaveholders from freeing individuals who would become a burden on the general public.
Interestingly, considering today's accounts of life under slavery, authors Johnson and Roak report instances where free Negroes petitioned to be allowed to become slaves; this because they were unable to support themselves.
Black Confederates and Afro-Yankees in Civil War Virginia (University Press of Virginia-1995) was written by Ervin L. Jordan Jr., an African-American and assistant professor and associate curator of the Special Collections Department, University of Virginia library. He wrote: "One of the more curious aspects of the free black existence in Virginia was their ownership of slaves. Black slave masters owned members of their family and freed them in their wills. Free blacks were encouraged to sell themselves into slavery and had the right to choose their owner through a lengthy court procedure."
In 1816, shortly after his manumission, April moved to Stateburg. Initially he hired slave workers from local owners. When in 1817 he built a gin for Judge Thomas Watries, he credited the judge nine dollars "for hire of carpenter George for 12 days." By 1820 he had purchased two adult males to work in his shop (7). In fewer than four years after being freed, April demonstrated that he had no problem perpetuating an institution he had been released from. He also achieved greater monetary success than most white people of the period.
On June 20, 1820, April appeared in the Sumter District courthouse in Sumterville. Described in court papers submitted by his attorney as a "freed yellow man of about 29 years of age," he requested a name change because it "would yet greatly advance his interest as a tradesman." A new name would also "save him and his children from degradation and contempt which the minds of some do and will attach to the name April." Because "of the kindness" of his former master and as a "Mark of gratitude and respect for him" April asked that his name be changed to William Ellison. His request was granted.
In time the black Ellison family joined the predominantly white Episcopalian church. On August 6, 1824 he was allowed to put a family bench on the first floor, among those of the wealthy white families. Other blacks, free and slave, and poor whites sat in the balcony. Another wealthy Negro family would later join the first floor worshippers.
Between 1822 and the mid-1840s, Ellison gradually built a small empire, acquiring slaves in increasing numbers. He became one of South Carolina's major cotton gin manufacturers, selling his machines as far away as Mississippi. From February 1817 until the War Between the States commenced, his business advertisements appeared regularly in newspapers across the state. These included the Camden Gazette, the Sumter Southern Whig and the Black River Watchman.
Ellison was so successful, due to his utilization of cheap slave labor, that many white competitors went out of business. Such situations discredit impressions that whites dealt only with other whites. Where money was involved, it was apparent that neither Ellison's race or former status were considerations.
In his book, Ervin L. Jordan Jr. writes that, as the great conflagration of 1861-1865 approached: "Free Afro-Virginians were a nascent black middle class under siege, but several acquired property before and during the war. Approximately 169 free blacks owned 145,976 acres in the counties of Amelia, Amherst, Isle of Wight, Nansemond, Prince William and Surry, averaging 870 acres each. Twenty-rune Petersburg blacks each owned property worth $1,000 and continued to purchase more despite the war."
Jordan offers an example: "Gilbert Hunt, a Richmond ex-slave blacksmith, owned two slaves, a house valued at $1,376, and $500 in other properties at his death in 1863." Jordan wrote that "some free black residents of Hampton and Norfolk owned property of considerable value; 17 black Hamptonians possessed property worth a total of $15,000. Thirty-six black men paid taxes as heads of families in Elizabeth City County and were employed as blacksmiths, bricklayers, fishermen, oystermen and day laborers. In three Norfolk County parishes 160 blacks owned a total of $41,158 in real estate and personal property.
The general practice of the period was that plantation owners would buy seed and equip~ ment on credit and settle their outstanding accounts when the annual cotton crop was sold. Ellison, like all free Negroes, could resort to the courts for enforcement of the terms of contract agreements. Several times Ellison successfully sued white men for money owed him.
In 1838 Ellison purchased on time 54.5 acres adjoining his original acreage from one Stephen D. Miller. He moved into a large home on the property. What made the acquisition notable was that Miller had served in the South Carolina legislature, both in the U.S. House of Representatives and the Senate, and while a resident of Stateburg had been governor of the state. Ellison's next door neighbor was Dr. W.W. Anderson, master of "Borough House, a magnificent 18th Century mansion. Anderson's son would win fame in the War Between the States as General "Fighting Dick" Anderson.
By 1847 Ellison owned over 350 acres, and more than 900 by 1860. He raised mostly cotton, with a small acreage set aside for cultivating foodstuffs to feed his family and slaves. In 1840 he owned 30 slaves, and by 1860 he owned 63. His sons, who lived in homes on the property, owned an additional nine slaves. They were trained as gin makers by their father (8). They had spent time in Canada, where many wealthy American Negroes of the period sent their children for advanced formal education. Ellison's sons and daughters married mulattos from Charleston, bringing them to the Ellison plantation to live.
In 1860 Ellison greatly underestimated his worth to tax assessors at $65,000. Even using this falsely stated figure, this man who had been a slave 44 years earlier had achieved great financial success. His wealth outdistanced 90 percent of his white neighbors in Sumter District. In the entire state, only five percent owned as much real estate as Ellison. His wealth was 15 times greater than that of the state's average for whites. And Ellison owned more slaves than 99 percent of the South's slaveholders.
Although a successful businessman and cotton farmer, Ellison's major source of income derived from being a "slave breeder." Slave breeding was looked upon with disgust throughout the South, and the laws of most southern states forbade the sale of slaves under the age of 12. In several states it was illegal to sell inherited slaves (9). Nevertheless, in 1840 Ellison secretly began slave breeding.
While there was subsequent investment return in raising and keeping young males, females were not productive workers in his factory or his cotton fields. As a result, except for a few females he raised to become "breeders," Ellison sold the female and many of the male children born to his female slaves at an average price of $400. Ellison had a reputation as a harsh master. His slaves were said to be the district's worst fed and clothed. On his property was located a small, windowless building where he would chain his problem slaves.
As with the slaves of his white counterparts, occasionally Ellison's slaves ran away. The historians of Sumter District reported that from time to time Ellison advertised for the return of his runaways. On at least one occasion Ellison hired the services of a slave catcher. According to an account by Robert N. Andrews, a white man who had purchased a small hotel in Stateburg in the 1820s, Ellison hired him to run down "a valuable slave. Andrews caught the slave in Belleville, Virginia. He stated: "I was paid on returning home $77.50 and $74 for expenses.
William Ellison died December 5, 1861. His will stated that his estate should pass into the joint hands of his free daughter and his two surviving sons. He bequeathed $500 to the slave daughter he had sold.
Following in their father's footsteps, the Ellison family actively supported the Confederacy throughout the war. They converted nearly their entire plantation to the production of corn, fodder, bacon, corn shucks and cotton for the Confederate armies. They paid $5,000 in taxes during the war. They also invested more than $9,000 in Confederate bonds, treasury notes and certificates in addition to the Confederate currency they held. At the end, all this valuable paper became worthless.
The younger Ellisons contributed more than farm produce, labor and money to the Confederate cause. On March 27, 1863 John Wilson Buckner, William Ellison's oldest grandson, enlisted in the 1st South Carolina Artillery. Buckner served in the company of Captains P.P. Galliard and A.H. Boykin, local white men who knew that Buckner was a Negro. Although it was illegal at the time for a Negro to formally join the Confederate forces, the Ellison family's prestige nullified the law in the minds of Buckner's comrades. Buckner was wounded in action on July 12, 1863. At his funeral in Stateburg in August, 1895 he was praised by his former Confederate officers as being a "faithful soldier."
Following the war the Ellison family fortune quickly dwindled. But many former Negro slave magnates quickly took advantage of circumstances and benefited by virtue of their race. For example Antoine Dubuclet, the previously mentioned New Orleans plantation owner who held more than 100 slaves, became Louisiana state treasurer during Reconstruction, a post he held from 1868 to 1877 (10).
A truer picture of the Old South, one never presented by the nation's mind molders, emerges from this account. The American South had been undergoing structural evolutionary changes far, far greater than generations of Americans have been led to believe. In time, within a relatively short time, the obsolete and economically nonviable institution of slavery would have disappeared. The nation would have been spared awesome traumas from which it would never fully recover.

 

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