The cover was published tonight by the French newspaper Libération, which has provided a home for the surviving staff under heavy guard.
Within minutes it was circulating around the world on social media and blogs, although for the most part, it was not published by British media.
It was signed by Luz, the same staff cartoonist who drew an image of the Prophet Muhammad on the magazine's cover three years ago, leading fanatics to firebomb the magazine's offices.
Luz, real name Renald Luzier, 42, avoided last week's mass murder because he overslept by half an hour and was late for work.
The cover's release came after the magazine's lawyer Richard Malka said the new edition would 'of course' contain images of the Prophet Muhammad, who Islamic codes dictate should not be depicted.
'We will not give in,' he told a radio station. 'The spirit of "Je suis Charlie" means the right to blaspheme.
'We will not give in otherwise all this won't have meant anything. A Je Suis Charlie banner means you have the right to criticise my religion, because it's not serious.
'We have never criticised a Jew because he's a Jew, a Muslim because he's a Muslim or a Christian because he's a Christian.
'But you can say anything you like, the worst horrors – and we do – about Christianity, Judaism and Islam, because behind the nice slogans, that's the reality of Charlie Hebdo.'
Up to 3 million copies of Charlie Hebdo - whose usual circulation is 60,000 - will be printed on Wednesday.
An initial batch of 1 million copies will be available on Wednesday and Thursday, said Michel Salion, a spokesman for MPL, which distributes Charlie Hebdo.
A further 2 million could then be printed depending on demand.
'We have requests for 300,000 copies throughout the world - and demand keeps rising by the hour,' he said, adding that the newspaper usually had just 4,000 international clients.
'The million will go. As of Thursday, the decision will probably be taken to print extra copies ... So we'll have one million, plus two if necessary.'